4 tbsp. (1/2 stick) unsalted butter, plus more for pan
1 medium head cauliflower (about 2 pounds), cored and sliced 1/4-inch thick
1 large head broccoli (about 1 1/2 pounds), trimmed and sliced 1/4-inch thick
6 tbsp. all-purpose flour
3 c. whole milk
1/4 tsp. freshly grated nutmeg
8 oz. Gruyère, grated (about 2 cups)
Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper